Commercial Real Estate
REIT Access to Equity Markets Could Accelerate Acquisitions in the Coming Year
REITs are working to find a seat at the table as active buyers for commercial real estate property as the transaction market regains momentum. One sign that REITs are positioning to take advantage of buying opportunities is a recent flurry of equity raising. Five REITs went to the market with secondary offerings in February, raising a combined $1.3 billion. W. P. Carey Inc. (NYSE: WPC) raised $496.8 million Essential Properties Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: EPRT) raised $350 million NETSTREIT Corp. (NYSE: NTST) raised $208 million Curbline Properties Corp. (NYSE: CURB) raised $204 million Getty Realty Corp. (NYSE: GTY) raised $131 million W. P. Carey is coming off a record $2.1 billion in new acquisitions in 2025. “It's a really good market right now for us. The stability in interest rates has brought bid-ask spreads in, and sellers who have been on the sidelines for the last few years are now back into the market. So, we took advantage of that in 2025,” says CEO Jason Fox. The company is targeting primarily manufacturing and logistics facilities, as well as select retail, both in the United States and Europe. The REIT is poised for more growth in 2026 thanks to a strong balance sheet that includes roughly over $850 million in equity forwards, a credit facility of more than $2 billion that is largely undrawn, and annual free cash flow of about $300 million per year. The company has issued conservative guidance for acquisitions of between $1.25 billion and $1.75 billion, with the expectation that those numbers will be adjusted depending on how the year progresses. “Our cost of capital is as strong as it's been for quite some time. That supports accretive investment activity, and it allows us to be competitive on pricing when needed,” Fox says. “I think a lot of REITs find themselves in a similar position.” For all those reasons, REITs are likely to be more active acquirers this year. That's reflected in deal volume to date, as well as many of the guidance numbers for 2026, he adds. Across the board, it’s safe to say that REITs have been preparing for an acquisition spree. “Operationally, REITs are very much ready to handle a significant increase in number of properties, and some of that's being helped by the technology investments that companies have been making to be efficient and manage more with less,” says Matthew Werner, managing director, REIT strategies, at Chilton Capital Management. REITs also have worked to strengthen balance sheets. Many are under-levered with some of the lowest debt ratios they’ve ever had and very low levels of floating-rate debt specifically. “They have tons of capital capacity, but except for a few sectors, their cost of equity doesn’t make sense for them to go and do transactions,” Werner says. Cost of Capital Hurdles After multiple years of low transactions volume, commercial real estate transaction volume started to recover and rose 23% last year to $545.3 billion, according to MSCI. Certainly, REITs were among the group of buyers. In fact, four REITs—Welltower Inc. (NYSE: WELL), Agree Realty Corp. (NYSE: ADC), W. P. Carey, and Starwood Property Trust, Inc. (NYSE: STWD)—ranked in the top 12 for most active buyers last year based on the total number of properties acquired, according to MSCI. However, REITs as a group were noticeably less active last year. REITs accounted for 5.5% of the total transaction volume compared to 9.6% of transaction volume the prior year, and more than 10% of transaction volume in 2020 and 2021, according to JLL. The key reason for that decline is that most REITs have been trading at discounts to NAV since mid-2022, when the Federal Reserve first began its rate-hiking cycle. “A lot of REITs, through no fault of their own, have been trading at perpetual discounts to NAV,” says Steve Hentschel, senior managing director and leader of the M&A and corporate advisory platform at JLL. “It's very hard to raise new equity when it's dilutive, and without raising new equity, it's hard to be an active acquirer,” he says. Over the last few years, many publicly traded REITs have been trading at discounts to both their underlying asset values and the broader equity markets. That dynamic constrained opportunities to make new investments, and instead resulted in some take-private activity, adds Bryan Connolly, chair of DLA Piper’s U.S. real estate practice. “Looking ahead, as the underlying real estate fundamentals improve, interest rates stabilize and potentially decrease, and values in the private market continue to adjust, there should be more opportunities for growth by public REITs,” he says. Haves and Have Nots The spike in interest rates and pricing volatility that sent both buyers and sellers to the sidelines in 2023 and 2024 appears to be reversing course. The availability of debt, cost of debt, and comfort level with valuations are all improving, which is good news for commercial real estate sales activity in general. For REITs, the ability to transact is still divided into those “haves” and “have nots” in terms of NAV. The “haves” are those sectors that are trading at large premiums to NAV, notably health care, net lease retail, and data centers. Health care REITs in particular are trading at historically large premiums that are 50%, 100%, or even close to 150% above NAV in some cases. As a result, companies such as Welltower, Ventas, Inc. (NYSE: VTR), American Healthcare REIT, Inc. (NYSE: ATR) and CareTrust REIT, Inc. (NYSE: CTR) have been very acquisitive. Welltower, for example, completed $13.9 billion in new investments in the fourth quarter alone, which is larger than the total asset size of some public REITs. CareTrust invested $1.8 billion in 2025, including $562 million in fourth quarter. At REITworld last December, CareTrust President and CEO Dave Sedgwick said that with a larger team and broader platform, the “table is set” for another strong year. The REIT kicked off 2026 with the January announcement of a $142 million acquisition of six skilled nursing facilities in the Mid-Atlantic region. “We've always said, if you’ve got it, flaunt it, and we’re seeing that now from a lot of these health care REITs where they are appropriately using that cheaper cost of equity to be acquisitive in the markets they operate in,” says Daniel Ismail, co-head of strategic research, managing director, at Green Street. Health care REITs have the added benefit of finding good buying opportunities within sub-sectors, particularly in senior housing, he adds. Net lease is another sector that has been leveraging its cost of capital advantage to make accretive acquisitions. And many of the same players that were active last year expect to keep their foot on the gas. For example, Agree Realty acquired $1.45 billion in retail net lease properties last year, and the company recently increased guidance for 2026 to $1.6 billion to be deployed across its three external growth platforms. “Our pipeline to start the year is very healthy, filled with typical assets and pricing that investors would anticipate from Agree Realty,” says CEO Joey Agree. However, the REIT is watching to see how the expectation of lower interest rates this year will play out in terms of pricing, sellers, and the competitive landscape. “One important misconception is that publicly listed and private capital are chasing the same assets,” he adds. “It’s important for investors to understand the size and scope of the net lease market and appreciate the divergent strategies and execution of the many players.” Positioning for Acquisitions On the opposite side of the spectrum, a number of sectors are trading at discounts to NAV of between roughly 10% and 20%, including office, apartments, industrial, self-storage, and lodging. REITs in those sectors are still buying assets, but they are less active. “It will be hard to see them ramp up acquisition activity throughout 2026, and they likely will be highly selective in the type of deals they do,” Ismail says. Digging into individual property sectors, there are multiple examples of companies that have done a lot of hard work to put themselves in better positions for the acquisitions to “turn back on,” Werner adds. “The market is paying attention to that and rewarding these companies,” he says. FrontView REIT, Inc. (NYSE: FVR), for example, was able to source a convertible preferred investment and now has the opportunity to prove their acquisition strategy. As a result, their share price is on a path toward being able to issue common equity again, and the company will be able to continue acquisitions after they use the cash from the convertible preferred issuance, Werner notes. REITs also have another lever to pull that could give them an edge in acquisitions—the ability to utilize the tax advantages of the REIT structure to allow private operators to sell their assets to REITs. Instead of a cash sale, an owner could consider an UPREIT, which would allow them to transfer their basis into operating partnership (OP) units. There have been one or two examples of that in strip centers, which has been experiencing good fundamentals. “So, we could see a few more of those as the year goes on,” Ismail says. Outlook for M&A Activity In addition to property sales, the environment could be more conducive for M&A deals this year, both in public-to-public and take-private deals. One recent announcement was the acquisition of Veris Residential, Inc. (NYSE: VRE) by a group led by Affinius Capital for $3.4 billion in cash. “If the math doesn't work for a REIT to go buy something on the private market, why not buy a public peer with an exchange,” Werner says. “I think the sector is ripe for that, but I do think that it's also ripe for take-privates because the debt markets are very open.” Many of the M&A deals that have occurred in the last year were take-privates that involved deals below $3 billion. Some of those transactions are getting done in “chunks” with perhaps one buyer acquiring a large portion of the portfolio, with other assets or smaller portions being sold off separately, Hentschel notes. For example, Aimco is reportedly sold seven of its Chicago-area properties to an investment group for $455 million as part of its liquidation. Buying Opportunities Ahead REITs could find more buying opportunities ahead in a market where transaction volume is rising and the bid-ask pricing gap between buyers and sellers is narrowing. Although transaction markets have not been entirely frozen, the inventory of for-sale properties has been thin, with more sellers that have opted to hold onto properties and wait out market volatility. “There was plenty of liquidity, but there was a bid-ask gap between buyers and sellers, and now that gap is closing, and more product is coming to market,” Hentschel says. In its 2025 Year-End Real Estate Trends Report, DLA Piper is predicting that U.S. commercial real estate transaction volume will increase by another 15% to 20% this year. “We expect REITs will be most active in sectors perceived to benefit from multi-year tailwinds such as health care and housing-related assets, including senior housing and multifamily properties,” Connolly says. Data centers are likely to continue to command interest, as well as manufacturing and logistics due to supply chain challenges, continued expansion of e-commerce, and on-shoring. “Public REITs have been challenged by the gap between how the public market values their stock and how the private market values the underlying real estate,” Connolly points out. “However, as private market values continue to adjust to the new reality, this headwind should diminish.”
2026 Net Lease Outlook
After several years marked by inflation, interest rate uncertainty and selective buyer activity, the U.S. net lease market enters 2026 with more clarity – and more momentum. As pricing resets work through the real estate sector and investors gain confidence in the direction of capital markets, we expect an increase in transaction volume in the year ahead. Below are three predictions set to shape the U.S. net lease landscape in 2026. Transaction Volume Will Rebound as Pricing Stabilizes The reset in valuations throughout 2024 and 2025 has narrowed bid‑ask spreads and revived buyer activity. As the sector digested Fed policy shifts and debt markets steadied, transaction activity began increasing meaningfully – particularly in industrial and logistics. As a result, we expect a measurable uptick in volume in 2026 as investors lean into improved cost‑of‑capital visibility. Colliers forecasts that U.S. CRE transaction volume will grow 15–20% in 2026. Industrial Will Continue to Dominate Industrial demand is positioned to remain strong in 2026. As trade‑policy uncertainty eased in late 2025, many companies who had paused expansion or relocation decisions finally moved forward, bringing a wave of leasing activity that is carrying into the new year. E‑commerce also continues to be a powerful structural driver, underpinning robust leasing demand as retailers and logistics operators expand fulfillment capacity to meet consumer needs. At the same time, development pipelines have slowed, allowing the market to work through new supply. As a result, vacancy is expected to stabilize in 2026, reinforcing a fundamentally balanced environment for investors and occupiers alike. Rising M&A Activity Will Drive New Sale‑Leaseback Opportunities An anticipated rise in M&A activity will likely fuel an increase in sale‑leaseback opportunities in 2026. Private equity firms often use sale-leasebacks to reduce upfront equity requirements and enhance returns when acquiring a new business, especially in deals where real estate represents a meaningful share of the purchase price. On the post-acquisition side, sale-leasebacks can offer PE firms considerable financial flexibility, supporting reinvestment into the portfolio company’s business or even future follow-on acquisitions. Altogether, the anticipated surge in M&A is expected to expand the pipeline of high‑quality real estate coming to market, providing ample opportunity for sale-leaseback investors. Final Thoughts As 2026 unfolds, the U.S. net lease market is entering a period of renewed stability and opportunity. With transaction volumes rebounding, industrial demand holding firm and sale-leaseback activity accelerating alongside M&A trends, investors have multiple avenues to deploy capital strategically. Staying attuned to these drivers will be essential for navigating the year ahead.
Sale-leaseback Activity Expected to Grow as Capital Conditions Improve in 2026
After a slow start, sale-leaseback activity saw a resurgence in the second half of 2025. Early in the year, activity was dampened by uncertain fundamentals and macroeconomic headwinds, but momentum returned as market conditions stabilized. “It was a year of growth, particularly for industrial middle-market sale-leasebacks, which are a large part of W. P. Carey’s business,” says Tyler Swann, managing director, investments, at W. P. Carey. With interest rates stabilizing and companies continuing to explore innovative ways to raise capital, sale-leaseback activity is expected to remain strong in the new year. Falling Rates Support a Strong Outlook For many businesses, changing capital conditions play a major role in decision-making. Swann notes that long-term rates, which directly impact sale-leaseback pricing, have been trending downward. He explains that the 10-year US Treasury rate started the year in the mid to high fours, before settling around 4%, improving the cost of capital and creating stronger incentives for companies to act. “Lower cost of debt and equity enabled us to offer lower cap rates to potential tenants,” says Swann. He adds that when interest rates decline, companies often feel more comfortable making longer-term capital commitments, including sale-leasebacks with 10-, 15- or 20-year terms. Improved Trade Clarity Continues to Strengthen Activity Uncertainty around trade policy has created pockets of hesitation among many companies as they weigh their decisions. “Some people didn’t want to make long-term commitments to facilities, not knowing exactly what the trade policy was going to look like,” says Swann. “However, the threat of tariffs has begun to temper and, as a result, activity is getting stronger.” He notes that trade uncertainty has also pushed some companies to double down on their commitments to domestic supply chains. Swann adds that industrial vacancy remains low in many markets and rental rates have generally held steady or increased, reinforcing investors’ appetite to acquire these types of assets through sale-leasebacks. Improving Capital Conditions Create a Tailwind for 2026 With long-term rates stabilizing or slightly declining over the past year, Swann expects these shifts to remain a positive influence on sale-leasebacks. “I anticipate this stability to be a tailwind for investment activity for the same reason it was in 2025,” he says. He also points to merger and acquisition activity as another area to watch. Swann believes a pickup in private equity transactions could further boost sale-leaseback volume in the coming year. As interest rates continue to inch lower, he notes that activity may resemble more active periods of previous cycles, setting the stage for a strong 2026.
From Volatility to Resilience: Net Lease Real Estate in 2025
2025 marked a turning point for the net lease real estate market, driven by three defining trends: interest rate relief, cap rate stabilization and an increased focus on mission-critical assets. Together, these forces shaped real estate investor strategies and helped restore confidence in the market. Here’s an overview of each: Interest Rate Relief Sparked Market Activity The Federal Reserve’s late-2024 rate cuts reignited momentum across the market. Lower borrowing costs helped narrow the bid-ask spread, unlocking deal flow that had stalled during the Fed’s tightening cycle. Transaction volumes rebounded as investors who had been sidelined re-entered the market, eager to capitalize on improved financing conditions. For the year ending in Q3 2025, net lease investment volume increased by 24% to $48.1 billion from the same period a year ago. This shift underscored how quickly sentiment can turn when capital becomes more accessible. Cap Rates Found Their Balance After two years of steady increases, cap rates showed signs of stabilization, with Q2 and Q3 data indicating only marginal movements. This plateau suggests the market is entering a more predictable phase – due to factors such as declining Treasury yields, steady inventory and consistent demand – and creates opportunities for disciplined investors to lock in attractive yields. High-credit tenants continued to command premium pricing, underscoring the importance of credit quality in underwriting decisions. Mission-Critical Assets Took Center Stage Another notable trend in 2025 was the surge in demand for mission-critical properties. While these assets have long been foundational to the net lease market, investor interest increased as buyers prioritized operationally essential facilities with high tenant stickiness and limited relocation risk. As a result, investors gravitated toward property types such as specialized manufacturing, data centers and healthcare facilities. These types of mission-critical properties typically offer long-term stability and predictable cash flows given the tenant is likely to operate out of them for the long term, making them attractive in a volatile environment. Looking Ahead 2025 represented a much needed rebound for the net lease market. Interest rate cuts and cap rate stabilization restored confidence, reignited deal flow and brought investors back into play. While macroeconomic headwinds haven’t disappeared, the sector enters 2026 on solid footing and poised for continued growth.
Turning Real Estate into Opportunity: How Sale-leasebacks Fuel Business Growth
In today’s ever-changing macroeconomic landscape, companies are rethinking how they fund growth, maintain liquidity and improve balance sheet strength. One strategy that savvy companies are using is the sale-leaseback – a transaction where a business sells its real estate to an investor for cash and then leases it back on a long-term basis. This allows companies to convert an illiquid asset into working capital while maintaining operational control of their property. Below are three strategic ways businesses are using sale-leaseback proceeds to fuel growth. 1. Recapitalization and Paying Down Debt Many organizations use sale-leaseback capital to strengthen their financial foundation. By monetizing owned real estate, a company can retire or restructure high-interest debt, improve leverage ratios and enhance liquidity. This can result in better credit metrics and greater flexibility when seeking additional financing or investment. For private equity-backed firms, recapitalization through a sale-leaseback can also help unlock trapped equity without diluting ownership or taking on new debt. 2. Investing in Equipment, Automation and Sustainability Freeing up capital from real estate can enable major investments in operational improvements. Companies are using sale-leaseback proceeds to modernize production lines, invest in robotics and automation and upgrade facilities to meet sustainability goals. This might include installing solar panels, LED lighting or EV charging infrastructure – all upgrades that improve efficiency and help save on energy costs. These investments can increase profitability over time, create competitive advantages and satisfy corporate stakeholders focused on sustainability. 3. Funding Strategic Acquisitions and M&A Capital from a sale-leaseback can also serve as a catalyst for expansion. Businesses pursuing mergers, acquisitions or strategic partnerships often need significant capital quickly. Sale-leaseback transactions can help fund buyouts, target company integration or geographic expansion – without the delays or covenants associated with traditional debt financing. Because sale-leaseback proceeds are based on the value of owned property, companies can generate substantial, non-dilutive capital that supports growth. Conclusion A well-structured sale-leaseback can serve as a dynamic financial tool – offering immediate liquidity without the restrictions of other forms of traditional financing. For companies looking to recapitalize, innovate or grow through new acquisitions, this strategy offers a proven path to access capital efficiently in all market environments. Interested in pursuing a sale-leaseback? Contact W. P. Carey today!
Is a Sale-leaseback Right for Your Business?
Economic uncertainty and restricted debt markets are leading more corporate occupiers to explore alternative financing options such as sale-leasebacks to secure funds. In a sale-leaseback, a company sells its real estate to an investor for cash and simultaneously enters into a long-term lease thereby unlocking otherwise illiquid capital to redeploy into higher growth segments of its core business. A sale-leaseback is an innovative tool that can be especially advantageous in today’s market where debt financing may be less attractive but is your company and your real estate the right fit? Read on to determine if (and when) a sale-leaseback is right for your business. The Criteria for a Sale-leaseback Own your real estate The key criterion for a sale-leaseback is real estate ownership. One of the primary drivers for a company to undertake a sale-leaseback is to unlock 100% of the real estate’s value while maintaining long-term operational control of the asset. By selling your property and leasing it back, you remove a non-incoming producing, fixed asset (real estate) and unlock liquid capital to reinvest into your business. Own the right type of real estate While the mainstream commercial property sectors of industrial, retail and office are most common in a sale-leaseback transaction, other specialty assets like life sciences and data centers have expanded the pool of investable assets. Make sure it's critical to your operations Investors look for specific value-add characteristics before buying a property. For instance, it’s best if your asset is mission-critical—in other words, an essential revenue driver for your business. Potential investors will also likely consider the property’s condition and age (high-quality, modern assets with sustainable features will be more valuable), location (think proximity to transportation routes) and size. Desired size will depend on the investor and often vary by property type. Retail properties for example tend to be smaller (perhaps around 20,000 square feet), compared to an industrial asset that might be upwards of 250,000 square feet. Additional space to expand the facility is also a plus for investors. However, the criticality of the asset to your operations is often more important than the asset type or size itself. Have a strong underlying credit story (sub-IG credits welcome!) You’ll attract real estate investors if you have a strong underlying credit and revenue history. Due to the long length of leases typically associated with sale-leasebacks, the investor will want to be confident that you can consistently pay rent throughout the lease term. However, this doesn’t mean your company must be investment grade. Many investors can work with sellers that are sub-investment grade so long as the underlying fundamentals of the business are solid. Institutional investors with strong underwriting capabilities will be able to evaluate all credits and assess your financial statements in order to get comfortable with pursuing a sale-leaseback deal. Be willing to sign a long-term lease, but ask the right questions upfront The last criterion for a sale-leaseback is that you must be willing to sign a long-term lease with the investor, typically 10-30 years. Before signing a long-term lease, it’s important to consider some critical factors, including: Space requirements: Evaluate your current and future space requirements to ensure the leased property will accommodate your needs for the duration of the lease. If additional space is needed, it’s possible your sale-leaseback partner will work with you on an expansion or build-to-suit of a brand-new asset. Renewal options: Does the lease come with renewal options? Find out the renewal terms for which the lessor is willing to extend the lease period so that you can continue occupying the property once the initial period for the lease expires. Maintenance and repairs: Know who's responsible for any maintenance and repair needs of the leased commercial property. In a triple-net lease, for instance, the tenant is responsible for all insurance, taxes and maintenance expenses, which also means the tenant maintains full operational control. By considering all the above factors, you can make an informed decision and confidently enter into a long-term lease. When to Consider a Sale-leaseback? While sale-leaseback financing is an excellent alternative to loans and other debt financing, it's not ideal for every company in every circumstance. Here are a few examples of when it makes sense to consider a sale-leaseback for your business. When you need capital for growth Sale-leasebacks are an excellent tool to unlock cash for growth initiatives, particularly for companies with limited access to traditional forms of financing. Proceeds from sale-leasebacks can be channeled to investments in new equipment, technology, personnel or additional facilities. And the best part is that a sale-leaseback enables you to raise capital without losing control of your property. To support M&A If you're considering an M&A transaction, you may need to raise additional capital to fund the purchase of the target company—or to pay down debt following an acquisition—which may be the case for companies and private equity firms alike. Usually, the cost of capital for commercial real estate investors is quite competitive as a real estate investor will acquire your property at market rate, creating an immediate arbitrage between the real estate multiple and the acquired business EBITDA multiple. To strengthen your balance sheet A sale-leaseback can help strengthen your business’ balance sheet by shoring up much-needed cash. You can use the raised capital to pay off existing debt, boost your debt-to-equity ratio or invest in other revenue-driving areas of your business. Remember the composition of your business’ balance sheet determines how lenders, investors and shareholders view your company's risk profile. If you have less debt, your business will be more attractive to these parties. Final thoughts A sale-leaseback transaction is an excellent alternative for companies, especially during periods when traditional sources of financing are limited. When choosing a sale-leaseback partner, consider an experienced, long-term investor who can buy on an all-equity basis and who is willing to work with you throughout your lease (and beyond). W. P. Carey has been a leader in sale-leasebacks since 1973 and is well-positioned to continue helping companies unlock capital even in today’s challenging economic environment. Maximize your real estate and unlock immediate capital by contacting our team today!
Investor Confidence Returns
This year’s EXPO Real in Munich brought together real estate professionals from over 70 countries, eager to assess the market’s trajectory as we head into 2026. After a turbulent stretch marked by volatile interest rates and macroeconomic headwinds, signs of stabilization have surfaced, bringing optimism to the market. Amid this backdrop, three standout themes emerged: Investment Activity Stabilizing After several years of volatility, investment activity is finally stabilizing. According to Savills, European real estate investment volumes reached €130 billion for Q1-Q3 2025, a 1.5% year-over-year increase. This activity is being driven primarily by improving cap-rate spreads, a narrowing price gap between buyers and sellers and a steadier Eurozone backdrop. With a growing number of sizeable assets and portfolios hitting the market – and investor appetite rebounding – we anticipate an uptick in deal volume as we finish out the year and enter 2026. New Sectors Gaining Steam As Europe’s real estate market steadies amid rate cuts, investors are turning toward new growth sectors. At the forefront are data centers, which have surged in popularity due to the exponential rise of AI and cloud services. New energy infrastructure – including real estate tied to renewables and grid modernization – is also attracting capital, driven by the continent’s aggressive decarbonization goals. Meanwhile, student housing is experiencing a renaissance, buoyed by demographic shifts and urban migration patterns. These sectors not only offer strong fundamentals but also align with broader trends shaping the future. Private Equity Embracing Sale-Leasebacks Private equity firms are continuing to turn to sale-leasebacks as a strategic lever to unlock liquidity. By selling real estate assets owned by portfolio companies and leasing them back, PE sponsors can convert illiquid real estate into cash – fueling acquisitions, funding growth initiatives or deleveraging balance sheets. This approach is particularly effective in post-acquisition scenarios, where rapid access to capital is essential but traditional financing may be costly or restrictive. Sale-leasebacks also offer flexibility in structuring, allowing firms to tailor lease terms to match cash flow realities while avoiding equity dilution or covenant-heavy debt.
Corporate Capital Report - H1 2025
Written by Colliers Corporate Capital Solutions, the report outlines the biggest factors that impacted the corporate real estate market in H1 2025, including improving debt markets, a renewed focus on corporate agility and the accelerating impact of technological innovation. The report also features contributed content from Christopher Mertlitz, Head of European Investments at W. P. Carey, on sale-leasebacks playing a pivotal role in Europe’s real estate resurgence. Access the full report below.
Lease Accounting Made Clear: IFRS vs. US GAAP for Sellers Considering a Sale-leaseback
Lease accounting has never been simple, but the arrival of ASC 842 in the US and IFRS 16 internationally has made it even more challenging. Both standards bring leases onto the balance sheet, yet they take very different approaches. If you only report under one standard, the rules are relatively straightforward. But for many European and multinational companies that report under both, the differences can create extra complexity. And for companies consider a sale-leaseback this matters – because you’re moving from being an owner (with property recorded as PP&E) to a lessee (with right-of-use assets and lease liabilities). Here’s a look at how IFRS and US GAAP diverge, and what that means in practice. One set of rules vs. two IFRS 16 uses one set of rules for all leases – they’re recorded on the balance sheet as a right-of-use asset and a lease liability, and expenses ares split between interest and amortization. Under US GAAP (ASC 842), all leases also go on the balance sheet the same way, but the difference shows up on the income statement. Finance leases follow the IFRS approach (interest and amortization), while operating leases are recorded as a single, straight-line rent expense. Importantly, classification under US GAAP depends on the terms of the lease contract (e.g. does ownership transfer, does the lessee have a bargain purchase option, does the term cover most of the asset’s usable life, and does the present value of the lease payments equal or exceed substantially all of the fair value of the asset). How changing lease payments are handled Another key difference is how variable lease payments are treated. Under IFRS, if lease payments go up or down because they are tied to something like inflation (i.e. CPI), the lease liability on the balance sheet (essentially what a company still owes for future lease payments) is updated to reflect that change. Under US GAAP, however, the balance sheet stays the same and the changes flow through to the income statement as expenses as they occur. Short-term exceptions Both frameworks make an exception for very short-term leases (under 12 months), allowing them off the balance sheet. Why It Matters These differences affect how your financials look, how ratios move and how investors view your business. For companies that have to report under both standards, it’s especially important to understand the nuances. For companies doing a sale-leaseback, the accounting may differ, but the underlying economics don’t. What changes is how the results are presented. That’s why it’s important to work with an experienced, international partner like W. P. Carey who can understand your goals and help you navigate both frameworks Want to dive deeper? Check out our full breakdown of IFRS vs. US GAAP lease accounting. This article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered accounting advice. Please consult your own advisor regarding your specific situation.