Inflation Pumps the Case for Sale-Leasebacks
As borrowing gets more expensive, a sale-leaseback could be a more attractive option for finding cash
Money isn't worth as much these days, but it's not getting any cheaper for businesses seeking growth. Facing 40-year-high inflation, the Federal Reserve has gone from 25- to 50- to 75-bp rate increases. Loans may no longer make sense for cash-strapped companies. That said, continued inflation could make a sale-leaseback an attractive alternative, according to Tyler Swann, managing director at W. P. Carey.
"A sale-leaseback allows you to lock in your cost of capital for a very long term," says Swann. "If you take the view that interest rates are going to continue to rise, locking in that cost of capital today could be very valuable for you."
A sale-leaseback is when a business sells its real estate for cash and leases it back on a long-term basis from the seller. Often, the buyer-landlord is a REIT or other institutional investor that is equipped to make the most out of a real-estate asset. The seller-lessee company, meanwhile, benefits by being able to invest the value of the asset into the business.
Swann makes the general case for sale-leasebacks more succinctly: If you're not in the business of real estate, why be in the business of real estate?
"It is almost always the case that an owner of a business can earn more on reinvesting money in their business than they can on having that money locked up in real estate," says Swann. "It's more capital-efficient to have that building owned by investors who want to take that risk specifically."
This two-way street of capital efficiency is heightened in the inflationary context because of how a business's needs differ from those of an investor.
"Because of the Fed's aggressive stance on raising rates, short-term rates are probably going to rise pretty meaningfully in the next six to 12 months," says Swann. "But because the investments that we're making are such long-term investments, we're locking in our returns and borrowing costs for a very long period of time. So we're most focused on what long-term interest rates look like."
When considering a sale-leaseback, Swann recommends that would-be seller-lessees consider the property's capitalization rate against such factors as the proposed lease term and rental-increase schedule -- as well as against the market as a whole. In an inflationary environment, this latter juxtaposition can be striking.
"If you look at the broader debt markets, particularly high-yield debt markets, they're in very bad shape right now. Interest rates for high-yield debt have skyrocketed recently," says Swann. "And that has made sale-leaseback financing, [where cap rates have] not risen nearly as much, a much more attractive option on a relative basis."
Related Topics:
You May Also Like:
Net Lease Retail Demand Follows Where Retailers Are Growing
The US net lease market is experiencing a resurgence. Valuations reset throughout 2025, meaning the bid-ask spread narrowed. And in spite of economic headwinds, net lease volumes increased by 24% year-over-year for the fiscal year ending in Q3 2025, according to CBRE. For Michael Fitzgerald, managing director and head of US retail at W. P. Carey, finding the right retail investment opportunity starts with understanding some tell-tale signals. “The US net lease retail environment is driven primarily by the general health of retailers,” says Fitzgerald. “Are there a large number of retail operators that are opening new locations or investing in existing locations in a way where they need access to capital?” When the answer to that question is yes, deal flow often follows, and Fitzgerald points to specific categories where he sees the strongest deal flow and investor interest right now. Non-discretionary Categories Draw Investor Interest Fitzgerald notes that retailers that sell non-discretionary products or services are among the most interesting for investors, but tend to carry lower cap rates. “We also think about the macro trends, such as fitness,” says Fitzgerald. “It used to be something that a small percentage of the population would pay for; now it’s become a non-discretionary spend for a lot of families because general health and fitness have become a priority.” He notes that convenience stores, car washes and automotive services are among the other segments he sees generating strong deal flow, with car washes having regained interest and automotive services drawing attention across the board. Full Loan-to-Value Appeal Drives Demand For business operators or CFOs seeking efficient forms of capital, Fitzgerald explains that the net lease structure is hard to beat. “They can redeploy that capital back into their businesses at a higher return because they’re getting more loan-to-value than a mortgage,” says Fitzgerald. “That’s why we see sale-leasebacks continuing to be one of the top choices for businesses that have an ongoing need for capital.” When evaluating a net lease retail asset, Fitzgerald explains that the analysis centers on whether a location can generate enough cash flow to cover rent easily across a commitment that can run for 20 years or more. He also notes that new stores can complicate that picture since there is no operating history to draw from, which is why assets with longer track records tend to be the easiest to understand and underwrite. Net Lease Retail Holds Up Across Good Economies and Bad Despite continued headlines about retailer store closures, Fitzgerald notes that the net lease retail market is more durable than the news cycle suggests. He explains that the net lease market has proved resilient across good and bad economies, with the most difficult periods coming not from downturns but from rapid interest rate swings in either direction. “I’m optimistic about the net lease retail market. Even in times of relative instability, we continue to see consistent deal flow, as companies leverage sale-leaseback transactions to monetize real estate and fund growth,” says Fitzgerald.
A Balancing Act Between Deployment and Discipline
Net lease continues to be one of the core investment strategies employed in the global real estate market, but conditions in the US and Europe do not strictly mirror one another, explain Christopher Mertlitz, Head of European investments, and Zachary Pasanen, Co-head of North American Investments. However, across both of these regions, a common thread is emerging amid an uncertain macro environment: investors are balancing pressure to deploy capital with a more cautious approach to pricing, risk and long-term tenant viability. Download W. P. Carey’s keynote interview from the PERE Net Lease Report to learn more about the differences between the US and European net lease markets, which asset classes are garnering the most interest from investors, where deal flow is coming from and more.
The Net Lease Market Finds Its Footing
Net lease investors have been on a wild ride over the last few years. The large run-up in benchmark rates beginning in 2022 created challenges around pricing expectations. However, Jason Patterson, executive director, investments at W. P. Carey, notes that despite some trade volatility and other factors, more stability in long-term rates over the past two years has helped those on both sides of a transaction find more common ground on where pricing should land. Bid-Ask Spreads Narrow as Pricing Stabilizes For much of the reset period, sellers were anchored in 2022-era valuations, while buyers priced deals on materially wider rates, and that gap has begun to narrow. “A slightly more range-bound 10-year Treasury provides some confidence on where pricing should shake out,” says Patterson. He adds that increased capital inflows to the net lease space have also further compressed bids, driving more transactions to pencil out on both sides. Where sellers once struggled to meet the market, a more stable pricing environment has made that alignment more achievable. Tighter Credit Spreads and Sale-Leasebacks Support Deal Flow Patterson explains that credit spreads broadly had been near record lows until recently, a condition that he describes as helping keep cap rates from widening significantly. Tighter spreads benefit net lease investors both in how deals are capitalized and in the cap rates at which tenants and developers expect to transact. Patterson notes that he expects to see an increase in sale-leaseback interest driven by a pickup in private equity and M&A activity. He also adds that lower short-term rates may stimulate deal flow in private equity, and a change in ownership often serves as the catalyst for a sale-leaseback arrangement. Moving forward, Patterson points to interest rate volatility and credit as two of the most important factors for net lease investors. Rate volatility, he notes, can quickly undermine returns. He also flags credit as a persistent area of focus, noting that while recent headlines have raised broader concerns, the long-term nature of net lease real estate may make those risks more muted than in other sectors. And as the market moves into a more active phase, those who keep a close eye on both will be best positioned to capitalize on what Patterson sees as a period of growing opportunity ahead.