Benefits of Green Leasing for Net Lease REITs
Green leasing offers an effective approach to improving sustainability and disclosure quality for net lease REITs
The real estate industry continues to face increased scrutiny regarding climate-related disclosures from many different stakeholders, including investors and regulatory agencies. As the SEC finalizes its proposed rules around these disclosures, the net lease industry is grappling with how to collect and report on climate-related data given the majority of a net lease REIT’s carbon emissions are Scope 3, or indirect.
Without any direct control over the operations of their properties, net lease REITs have the added challenge of establishing access to their tenants’ utility data in order to understand the power consumption and potential sustainability opportunities at their properties. One effective approach to improving sustainability and disclosure quality for net lease REITs is through green leasing, in which green clauses are incorporated into leases that encourage landlords and tenants to collaborate on energy efficient and sustainable practices by aligning financial incentives and sustainability goals.
Here are three of the most significant benefits of green leasing for net lease REITs:
Increases data transparency to help identify a greater number of sustainability opportunities
Collecting sustainability-related data has historically been difficult for net lease REITs due to the triple-net lease structure whereby tenants are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the property. However, by implementing a green clause in their leases, landlords can require tenants to disclose electricity, water consumption, waste management and other energy usage data at their properties. This enables net lease REITs to easily collect data and benchmark the energy usage of their portfolio to better identify inefficient buildings and target attractive sustainability opportunities within their portfolio.
Incentivizes landlords to invest in green building upgrades
There are a number of ways green leasing can support the implementation of projects that reduce a property’s carbon footprint. For example, green leases can include a clause that give landlords the ability to install on-site renewable energy such as solar panels at their properties so long as they can sell power back to the tenant at the same retail electricity rates as the tenant pays a utility company. Furthermore, green leases often include cost-recovery clauses for energy efficiency upgrades which helps solve the “split-incentive problem” – where landlords pay 100% of the capital expense for energy upgrades while only tenants receive the monetary benefits attributed to the decrease in energy consumption. Through a cost-recovery clause, landlords can amortize and recover capital costs for energy efficiency improvements, increasing incentives to pursue these types of projects while still benefiting the tenant through cost savings.
Fosters greater tenant-landlord sustainability partnerships
Perhaps the biggest benefit of green leasing is the improvement in tenant engagement. Green leases are designed to benefit both tenants and landlords, providing incentive for both parties to partner on sustainability projects including renewable energy opportunities, building energy retrofits and green building certifications. In order to implement a green lease, landlords and tenants must engage in an ongoing dialogue and align on sustainability goals, objectives and opportunities, ultimately strengthening the relationship, enabling tenants to achieve their own sustainability goals and improving the likelihood of tenant renewals.
Conclusion
Green leasing is a great tool to enable both landlords and tenants to reduce the adverse effect that real estate has on climate change. Particularly for the net lease industry, green leasing can help improve energy data collection, enhance the environmental performance of leased properties and align financial incentives so all parties benefit. It’s a win-win-win for everyone involved – landlords, tenants and most importantly, the environment.
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REIT Access to Equity Markets Could Accelerate Acquisitions in the Coming Year
REITs are working to find a seat at the table as active buyers for commercial real estate property as the transaction market regains momentum. One sign that REITs are positioning to take advantage of buying opportunities is a recent flurry of equity raising. Five REITs went to the market with secondary offerings in February, raising a combined $1.3 billion. W. P. Carey Inc. (NYSE: WPC) raised $496.8 million Essential Properties Realty Trust, Inc. (NYSE: EPRT) raised $350 million NETSTREIT Corp. (NYSE: NTST) raised $208 million Curbline Properties Corp. (NYSE: CURB) raised $204 million Getty Realty Corp. (NYSE: GTY) raised $131 million W. P. Carey is coming off a record $2.1 billion in new acquisitions in 2025. “It's a really good market right now for us. The stability in interest rates has brought bid-ask spreads in, and sellers who have been on the sidelines for the last few years are now back into the market. So, we took advantage of that in 2025,” says CEO Jason Fox. The company is targeting primarily manufacturing and logistics facilities, as well as select retail, both in the United States and Europe. The REIT is poised for more growth in 2026 thanks to a strong balance sheet that includes roughly over $850 million in equity forwards, a credit facility of more than $2 billion that is largely undrawn, and annual free cash flow of about $300 million per year. The company has issued conservative guidance for acquisitions of between $1.25 billion and $1.75 billion, with the expectation that those numbers will be adjusted depending on how the year progresses. “Our cost of capital is as strong as it's been for quite some time. That supports accretive investment activity, and it allows us to be competitive on pricing when needed,” Fox says. “I think a lot of REITs find themselves in a similar position.” For all those reasons, REITs are likely to be more active acquirers this year. That's reflected in deal volume to date, as well as many of the guidance numbers for 2026, he adds. Across the board, it’s safe to say that REITs have been preparing for an acquisition spree. “Operationally, REITs are very much ready to handle a significant increase in number of properties, and some of that's being helped by the technology investments that companies have been making to be efficient and manage more with less,” says Matthew Werner, managing director, REIT strategies, at Chilton Capital Management. REITs also have worked to strengthen balance sheets. Many are under-levered with some of the lowest debt ratios they’ve ever had and very low levels of floating-rate debt specifically. “They have tons of capital capacity, but except for a few sectors, their cost of equity doesn’t make sense for them to go and do transactions,” Werner says. Cost of Capital Hurdles After multiple years of low transactions volume, commercial real estate transaction volume started to recover and rose 23% last year to $545.3 billion, according to MSCI. Certainly, REITs were among the group of buyers. In fact, four REITs—Welltower Inc. (NYSE: WELL), Agree Realty Corp. (NYSE: ADC), W. P. Carey, and Starwood Property Trust, Inc. (NYSE: STWD)—ranked in the top 12 for most active buyers last year based on the total number of properties acquired, according to MSCI. However, REITs as a group were noticeably less active last year. REITs accounted for 5.5% of the total transaction volume compared to 9.6% of transaction volume the prior year, and more than 10% of transaction volume in 2020 and 2021, according to JLL. The key reason for that decline is that most REITs have been trading at discounts to NAV since mid-2022, when the Federal Reserve first began its rate-hiking cycle. “A lot of REITs, through no fault of their own, have been trading at perpetual discounts to NAV,” says Steve Hentschel, senior managing director and leader of the M&A and corporate advisory platform at JLL. “It's very hard to raise new equity when it's dilutive, and without raising new equity, it's hard to be an active acquirer,” he says. Over the last few years, many publicly traded REITs have been trading at discounts to both their underlying asset values and the broader equity markets. That dynamic constrained opportunities to make new investments, and instead resulted in some take-private activity, adds Bryan Connolly, chair of DLA Piper’s U.S. real estate practice. “Looking ahead, as the underlying real estate fundamentals improve, interest rates stabilize and potentially decrease, and values in the private market continue to adjust, there should be more opportunities for growth by public REITs,” he says. Haves and Have Nots The spike in interest rates and pricing volatility that sent both buyers and sellers to the sidelines in 2023 and 2024 appears to be reversing course. The availability of debt, cost of debt, and comfort level with valuations are all improving, which is good news for commercial real estate sales activity in general. For REITs, the ability to transact is still divided into those “haves” and “have nots” in terms of NAV. The “haves” are those sectors that are trading at large premiums to NAV, notably health care, net lease retail, and data centers. Health care REITs in particular are trading at historically large premiums that are 50%, 100%, or even close to 150% above NAV in some cases. As a result, companies such as Welltower, Ventas, Inc. (NYSE: VTR), American Healthcare REIT, Inc. (NYSE: ATR) and CareTrust REIT, Inc. (NYSE: CTR) have been very acquisitive. Welltower, for example, completed $13.9 billion in new investments in the fourth quarter alone, which is larger than the total asset size of some public REITs. CareTrust invested $1.8 billion in 2025, including $562 million in fourth quarter. At REITworld last December, CareTrust President and CEO Dave Sedgwick said that with a larger team and broader platform, the “table is set” for another strong year. The REIT kicked off 2026 with the January announcement of a $142 million acquisition of six skilled nursing facilities in the Mid-Atlantic region. “We've always said, if you’ve got it, flaunt it, and we’re seeing that now from a lot of these health care REITs where they are appropriately using that cheaper cost of equity to be acquisitive in the markets they operate in,” says Daniel Ismail, co-head of strategic research, managing director, at Green Street. Health care REITs have the added benefit of finding good buying opportunities within sub-sectors, particularly in senior housing, he adds. Net lease is another sector that has been leveraging its cost of capital advantage to make accretive acquisitions. And many of the same players that were active last year expect to keep their foot on the gas. For example, Agree Realty acquired $1.45 billion in retail net lease properties last year, and the company recently increased guidance for 2026 to $1.6 billion to be deployed across its three external growth platforms. “Our pipeline to start the year is very healthy, filled with typical assets and pricing that investors would anticipate from Agree Realty,” says CEO Joey Agree. However, the REIT is watching to see how the expectation of lower interest rates this year will play out in terms of pricing, sellers, and the competitive landscape. “One important misconception is that publicly listed and private capital are chasing the same assets,” he adds. “It’s important for investors to understand the size and scope of the net lease market and appreciate the divergent strategies and execution of the many players.” Positioning for Acquisitions On the opposite side of the spectrum, a number of sectors are trading at discounts to NAV of between roughly 10% and 20%, including office, apartments, industrial, self-storage, and lodging. REITs in those sectors are still buying assets, but they are less active. “It will be hard to see them ramp up acquisition activity throughout 2026, and they likely will be highly selective in the type of deals they do,” Ismail says. Digging into individual property sectors, there are multiple examples of companies that have done a lot of hard work to put themselves in better positions for the acquisitions to “turn back on,” Werner adds. “The market is paying attention to that and rewarding these companies,” he says. FrontView REIT, Inc. (NYSE: FVR), for example, was able to source a convertible preferred investment and now has the opportunity to prove their acquisition strategy. As a result, their share price is on a path toward being able to issue common equity again, and the company will be able to continue acquisitions after they use the cash from the convertible preferred issuance, Werner notes. REITs also have another lever to pull that could give them an edge in acquisitions—the ability to utilize the tax advantages of the REIT structure to allow private operators to sell their assets to REITs. Instead of a cash sale, an owner could consider an UPREIT, which would allow them to transfer their basis into operating partnership (OP) units. There have been one or two examples of that in strip centers, which has been experiencing good fundamentals. “So, we could see a few more of those as the year goes on,” Ismail says. Outlook for M&A Activity In addition to property sales, the environment could be more conducive for M&A deals this year, both in public-to-public and take-private deals. One recent announcement was the acquisition of Veris Residential, Inc. (NYSE: VRE) by a group led by Affinius Capital for $3.4 billion in cash. “If the math doesn't work for a REIT to go buy something on the private market, why not buy a public peer with an exchange,” Werner says. “I think the sector is ripe for that, but I do think that it's also ripe for take-privates because the debt markets are very open.” Many of the M&A deals that have occurred in the last year were take-privates that involved deals below $3 billion. Some of those transactions are getting done in “chunks” with perhaps one buyer acquiring a large portion of the portfolio, with other assets or smaller portions being sold off separately, Hentschel notes. For example, Aimco is reportedly sold seven of its Chicago-area properties to an investment group for $455 million as part of its liquidation. Buying Opportunities Ahead REITs could find more buying opportunities ahead in a market where transaction volume is rising and the bid-ask pricing gap between buyers and sellers is narrowing. Although transaction markets have not been entirely frozen, the inventory of for-sale properties has been thin, with more sellers that have opted to hold onto properties and wait out market volatility. “There was plenty of liquidity, but there was a bid-ask gap between buyers and sellers, and now that gap is closing, and more product is coming to market,” Hentschel says. In its 2025 Year-End Real Estate Trends Report, DLA Piper is predicting that U.S. commercial real estate transaction volume will increase by another 15% to 20% this year. “We expect REITs will be most active in sectors perceived to benefit from multi-year tailwinds such as health care and housing-related assets, including senior housing and multifamily properties,” Connolly says. Data centers are likely to continue to command interest, as well as manufacturing and logistics due to supply chain challenges, continued expansion of e-commerce, and on-shoring. “Public REITs have been challenged by the gap between how the public market values their stock and how the private market values the underlying real estate,” Connolly points out. “However, as private market values continue to adjust to the new reality, this headwind should diminish.”
Project Management Teams Deliver Big Value for Tenants
There’s no question that the current real estate development market is challenging. Labor shortages and rising material costs are creating hurdles in the construction industry, which is being compounded by limited inventory of vacant real estate for certain property types, leaving companies with very few options for additional square footage or property upgrades. The good news is that companies that lease their building may be in luck thanks to a high-value service some landlords are offering: a dedicated project management team. Project management teams come in all shapes and sizes, but they have the potential to handle all types of development projects (e.g., expansions, renovations and build-to-suits) as well as deliver turnkey solutions. REITs and other longer-term investors will often invest in these teams, priding themselves on being a partner to their tenants for the duration of the lease and beyond. Project management teams manage everything from conceptual planning to design to construction management, assembling a team of architects, consultants and contractors. This holistic service is particularly valuable since most tenants don’t have the resources—be it the capital, relationships or expertise—to execute these projects themselves. And leveraging their landlord’s project management team is often more efficient and cost-effective than hiring a third-party developer, and enables them to focus on their core business, which is most likely not real estate development. In today’s market, having access to a dedicated project management team with a shared interest in their tenant’s business and the expertise to effectively navigate current challenges is more valuable than ever. Here’s why: Renovate, modernize or convert an existing building Project management teams can adapt an existing building to reflect the tenant’s evolving real estate needs. This could encompass a full renovation and modernization of an outdated building or converting one property type to another (e.g., office to R&D) to reflect a changing business model. Moreover, with prices continuing to increase having a project management partner that can finance the upfront costs associated with these projects is critical. In addition, working with a project management team that understands the ins and outs of a tenant’s business along with being able to offer a tailored approach means the final product will be ideally suited to the tenant’s long-term needs, in comparison to if the tenant worked with a third-party developer. Expand an asset to accommodate a need for more space In order to continue growing, many tenants need to expand their real estate footprint to make room for more equipment, inventory and more. However, record-low availability of real estate means that many tenants can’t find the additional space they need. An in-house project management team can help by working with tenants to expand their existing space to accommodate growing business needs. A huge benefit of this approach is that tenants can typically continue operating in their existing facilities during an expansion, offering minimal disruption to day-to-day operations. Retrofit an existing space to make it more sustainable With energy costs continuing to soar, there’s never been a better time for tenants to update their properties to make them more sustainable. In-house project management teams can work on a variety of sustainability projects including renewable energy opportunities – such as solar panel installations – energy efficiency retrofits and green building certifications. These sustainable projects can reduce tenants operating costs and help reduce scope 1 and 2 emissions to align with their sustainability goals. Conclusion For landlords, investing in a project management team is a win-win. Turnkey project management solutions add value for tenants by adapting their property to meet their long-term needs, helping increase lease renewals while also improving the overall quality of the portfolio. From an investment perspective, having a project management team also provides a steady pipeline of attractive internal investment opportunities, while enabling the landlord to have project oversight on deals where they are also serving as the capital provider.
Sale-leaseback Activity Expected to Grow as Capital Conditions Improve in 2026
After a slow start, sale-leaseback activity saw a resurgence in the second half of 2025. Early in the year, activity was dampened by uncertain fundamentals and macroeconomic headwinds, but momentum returned as market conditions stabilized. “It was a year of growth, particularly for industrial middle-market sale-leasebacks, which are a large part of W. P. Carey’s business,” says Tyler Swann, managing director, investments, at W. P. Carey. With interest rates stabilizing and companies continuing to explore innovative ways to raise capital, sale-leaseback activity is expected to remain strong in the new year. Falling Rates Support a Strong Outlook For many businesses, changing capital conditions play a major role in decision-making. Swann notes that long-term rates, which directly impact sale-leaseback pricing, have been trending downward. He explains that the 10-year US Treasury rate started the year in the mid to high fours, before settling around 4%, improving the cost of capital and creating stronger incentives for companies to act. “Lower cost of debt and equity enabled us to offer lower cap rates to potential tenants,” says Swann. He adds that when interest rates decline, companies often feel more comfortable making longer-term capital commitments, including sale-leasebacks with 10-, 15- or 20-year terms. Improved Trade Clarity Continues to Strengthen Activity Uncertainty around trade policy has created pockets of hesitation among many companies as they weigh their decisions. “Some people didn’t want to make long-term commitments to facilities, not knowing exactly what the trade policy was going to look like,” says Swann. “However, the threat of tariffs has begun to temper and, as a result, activity is getting stronger.” He notes that trade uncertainty has also pushed some companies to double down on their commitments to domestic supply chains. Swann adds that industrial vacancy remains low in many markets and rental rates have generally held steady or increased, reinforcing investors’ appetite to acquire these types of assets through sale-leasebacks. Improving Capital Conditions Create a Tailwind for 2026 With long-term rates stabilizing or slightly declining over the past year, Swann expects these shifts to remain a positive influence on sale-leasebacks. “I anticipate this stability to be a tailwind for investment activity for the same reason it was in 2025,” he says. He also points to merger and acquisition activity as another area to watch. Swann believes a pickup in private equity transactions could further boost sale-leaseback volume in the coming year. As interest rates continue to inch lower, he notes that activity may resemble more active periods of previous cycles, setting the stage for a strong 2026.